science stuff

what is the problem?

skin barrier issues

The skin barrier is the outermost layer of skin that acts as a shield, keeping moisture in and harmful irritants/bacteria out. Issues occur when this layer becomes damaged or weakened.

Causes: over cleansing, harsh skin-care products, environmental stressors (sun/pollution) skin conditions (eczema/rosacea).

Symptoms: dryness, redness, stinging, burning, blistering, sensitivity when applying products.

How to strengthen: avoid irritants, use gentle hydrating skin products containing ceramides, hyaluronic acid, niacinamide, and fatty acids. Avoiding over-exfoliation, protecting skin from UV exposure, and maintaining a balanced skincare routine also support barrier repair and resilience.

common allergens

Fragrance: Avoid anything that has fragrance as an ingredient. But be aware, is not just listed as such. It may also appear as Limonene, Linalool, Citronellol, Geraniol, Aroma...

Essential Oils: Unfortunately when something claims to be natural, that can actually mean you are more likely to react. Many natural products contain mono-terpenoids. (Lavender, rosemary, thyme, frankincense...)

Cera Alba: Or beeswax

what are terpenes?

They're annoying, they're everywhere and there are lots of different types!

What I seem to have worked out is that the terpene on its own isn't always an irritant. For instance, I can eat foods with lemon zest in. However, when the limonene in the lemon skin becomes oxidised and it becomes a hydroperoxide and the smell hits my face, that is when it becomes an irritant.